Vibratory material comminutor



Jan. 26, 1960 R. HOESCH 2,922,588

vIBRAToRY MATERIAL coMMINUToR Filed Feb. 16, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INI/[N709 ma- #ww '7 @um MQW Jan. 26, 1960 R. HOESCH 2,922,588

VIBRATORY MATERIAL COMMINUTOR Filed Feb. 16, 1956 y 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 26, 1960 R. HOESCH vIBRAToRY MATERIAL ooMMINuToR 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fied Feb. 1e, 1956 nited States Patent l O VIBRATGRY MATERIAL COMMINUTOR Robert Heesch, Duren, Germany Application February 16, 1956, serial No. l566,005, Claims priority, application Germany February 17, 1955 9 claims. (cl. 241-46) Y The invention relates to a method for the treatment of fibrous substances in aqueous suspension by means of vibratory elements, and to an apparatus for carrying out such methods.

Fibrous materials, which are employed for example in the manufacture of paper, require, prior to production of the paper, to be preliminarily treated and deibrinated so that subsequently theycan be feltedas thoroughly as possible. subjected to grinding elements having simultaneous crushing, rubbing and shearing actions. This is not, however, desirable, as defibrination is achieved only by the crushing action, and rubbing and shearing lead only to an undesirable shortening and destruction of the fibres and to the formation of slime. Attempts have been made, Vwith this thought in mind, to exert a pure crushing eiect on the bres by means of elements having a beating or vibrating action. However, although this action is theoretically correct it has not proved possible to use it economically due to the large quantities involved in present-day production. A particular disadvantage of known apparatus having a beating or vibrating action consists in the fact that the vibrating elements are comparatively large and at each stroke of their movement a corresponding quantity of the suspended fibrous substance is displaced; the energy taken by the vibrating elements is thus largely wasted in moving the substance in suspension, instead of being used to effect the crushing action.

Since the known vibrating method does not lead to the desired result, attempts have been made to prepare the fibrous substances in ball mills. Such ball mills comprise a receptacle, which is set into vibratory motion, and which contains the suspended material and a large number of metallic or porcelain balls. The balls, oscillatc freely within the receptacle, and on impact one against the other they crush the fibres located between them.

For this purpose they have heretofore beenk v 2,922,588 `Patented Jan. 26, 1960 ice the wall ofthe casing on the fibres located between the casing wall and the accumulated mass.

Two forms of apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the above method will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure l is a diagram illustrating the vibratory system;

Figure 2 is a central vertical section through the rst form of apparatus according to the invention;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through the apparatus shown in Figure 2, and

Figure 4 is a section through the second form of apparatus.

Figure 1 illustrates the principle on which the invention is based. A set of beating elements lare positively vibrated for Vexample together. with a .container (not shown) for the suspended brous substances. A second The output of such mills, however, is small, and their n production is extremely costly. Furthermore, they have the disadvantage that the balls tend to wear and introduce detrimental foreign substances into the material being prepared.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus enabling treatment of fibrous materials by a pure crushing action to be carried out economically on large quantities of such materials. In the method according to the invention, the substances are subjected to the beating action of a system comprising a set of positively vibrated substantially rigid elements and a second set of substantially rigid elements vibrating freely with respect to the rst set of elements. In this way the suspended substances displaced by the vibratory elements have to move only small distances, so that their damping action on the vibrating masses remains small. In addition the freely vibrating beating elements are prevented from bunching together as a single mass vibrating as a whole, whereby a crushing effect would be produced only against set of beating elements 2, areI located between adjacent elementsof theiirst set and are capable of vibrating fr eely in regular or irregular fashion.` The first set of beating elements 1 is Yvibrated in thedirection of the double arrow, and the beating elements 2 also vibrate and beat against the elements 1. Itwill berecognised that the distances which the individual freely vibratory beating elements 2 can-move are comparatively small, so that only a small movement of the suspended substance is brought about; furthermore the bres in the suspended substance are frequently contacted by the beating elements and delibrinated. The elements 1 are preferably bars extending over the width ofthe container for the suspended substance, whilst the elements 2-may likewise be bars; they can alternatively be balls, oval members, bolts landthe like.V If desired, vthe individual beating elements may have a surface prole imparted thereto.

The apparatus illustrated diagrammatically in Figures 2 and 3 comprises a container 3 having an inlet 4 and an outlet 5 for continuous ow of suspended material through the apparatus. Two sets of beating elements 1 and 2 (as above described) are located within the container 3 which is suspended on springs 6 and vibrated in a horizontal and/or vertical direction by a vibration generator 7. The beating elements 1 are carried in intermediate plates 8 and the beating elements 2 are arranged in the spaces between the elements 2 and can vibrate freely therein.

The operation of the apparatus according to the invention may be intermittent or continuous in accordance with particular requirements. By the inclusion of one or more partitions in the interior of the casing 3 a corresponding increase may be obtained in the distance covered by the suspended substance being treated. Naturally the apparatus may also be fed through the connection 5 and the defbrinated material in suspension discharged by way of the connection 4.

The apparatus illustrated in Figure 4 comprises a container 3 having an inlet 4 and an outlet 5 for continuous flow of suspended substance through the apparatus.

In this apparatus the rotating out-of-balance member 7 is mounted on one of the side walls and sets the casing 3 into horizontal vibratory motion. The partitions 12 are rigidly mounted in the casing 3 and accordingly vibrate therewith. Small metal plates are suspended between the partitions on wires in alternation with distance pieces 10. Owing to their articulated suspension the plates 9 are able to vibrate freely between the partitions 12, the fibrous material being beaten between said partitions and plates.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for the treatment of fibrous substances in aqueous suspension comprising a container for said suspended brous substances, a first set of parallel, longitudinally extending beating elements mounted in and secured to the container and spaced with respect to one another, means including an-eccentric oscillator to vibrate said .beating elementsand-atsecondiset of freely-movable, longitudinally eXtending,`, parallelly spaced beating elements on said rs't set, said latter elements being thicker than'the, spaces between said elements of said first set and substantially iilling said spaces and being adapted to beat against the elements of the ii'rst set. on vibration thereof.

` 2L Apparatus according to claim l, wherein 'the elements of said first set are rigid with fthe. container and said vibrating means is arrangedto 'vibrate the container:

` 3f Apparatus according to claim 1,y rwherein the second set of beating elements comprises members of`rounded profile. y y w 4;' Apparatus for the treatment 'of lbrus substances inlaqueous" suspensin comprising. lav container 'for ,said substances yhavingr opposite wallv portions, aV setl offinte'rconnected parallelbars extending', substantially the entire distance between said wall portionsQsa'id being secured to Said container and being spacedfwith respect t'o 'one another, means 'to vibrate said set Vofjbars transverse to their length, anda setoflongitudinally extending beating elements located on said bars and inthe spaces between saidbars", each of said elements being thicker thanthe gaps between said bars adjacent to such element and being freely vibratable tofbeat against said adjacent bars on vibration of said set of'bars;V

' 5. Apparatus according'to claim 4 wherein said' beating elements comprise a second set Iof bars equal in length to the bars of the rst set.

6. Apparatus according to claim 4; wherein the container comprises an inlet and an outlet, for'continuous iiow of said suspended' iibrous substances through the container. Y

masones 7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, Iwherein said bars are not lof uniform cross section.

8. Apparatus for treating I brous substances in aqueous suspension comprising a container for said fibrous substances, a rst set of longitudinally extending, parallelly spaced, rigid beater elements rigidly interconnected and secured to said container, vibratory means operatively associated with said first set of elements and being adapted to vibrat'ethesa'me, and a 'second set of rigid and longitudinally extending elements on said rst set, said latter elements being thicker than the spaces between said elements of said rst set and substantially filling said spaces and being adapted to freely vibrate between and with respect to said first set of elements when the latter are vbrated by saidwvibratory means.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said vibratory means includes suspension springs by which said first set of rigid elements is suspended.

` -YRefrences'Gted inthe le of this'v patent UNITED STATES PATE1-iTs`` 

